Heat supply, energy contracting, energy costs and energy law for businesses and property owners: what it costs, what applies, what pays off.
The energy guides explain what heat and power really cost a business or a building and which rules apply: Germany’s Buildings Energy Act and CO₂ price, district heating and heat pumps, contracting versus own investment, subsidies and financing. Every figure with a source and an as-of date. To get started: what a kilowatt hour of heat really costs, with a full cost comparison of gas, oil, district heating and heat pumps. The background: in 2021 Pedram Dadgar developed a heat contracting model with two entrepreneurs and has advised Green Contracting GmbH ever since (career). Concrete offers and calculators are at contracting.green (German); this section is about the analysis.
Gas costs an average of 11.17 cents per kilowatt hour for apartment buildings in Germany in 2026, heating oil works out at around 17 cents, district heating at 15.6 cents. But the tariff price is not the price of heat. A worked example for twelve flats shows what remains after efficiency, capital and maintenance.
“Comparing heating systems by tariff price means comparing raw materials. What matters is what a kilowatt hour of heat costs in the heating circuit, with capital, maintenance and CO₂ over twenty years.”